Because of the importance of images in any domain in which complex information is displayed or manipulated, and also because of the high expectations that consumers have of image quality, computer graphics have always placed heavy demands on computer hardware and software. In the 1960s early computer graphics systems used vector graphics to construct images out of straight line segments, which were combined for display on specialized computer video monitors. Vector graphics is economical in its use of memory, as an entire line segment is specified simply by the coordinates of its endpoints. However, it is inappropriate for highly realistic images, since most images have at least some curved edges, and using all straight lines to draw curved objects results in a noticeable “stair-step” effect. In the late 1970s and ’80s raster graphics, derived from television technology, became more common, though still limited to expensive graphics workstation computers. Raster graphics represents images by bitmaps stored in computer memory and displayed on a screen composed of tiny pixels.
Kehadiran fitur widget ini pun membuka potensi iOS menjadi lebih luas lagi dengan bantuan aplikasi pihak ketiga. Menggunakan aplikasi Launch Center Pro misalnya, pengguna iOS pada dasarnya bisa mendapatkan fitur launcher aplikasi pada Notification Center, atau bahkan akses cepat untuk mengaktifkan fungsi-fungsi tertentu di berbagai aplikasi. Perbedaan yang ketiga, iOS tidak mengenal tombol “Back”, yang biasa disimbolkan dengan tanda panah ke kiri di Android, baik dalam wujud tombol fisik atau virtual. Perangkat iOS cuma memiliki satu tombol “Home” saja, yang fungsinya untuk keluar dari aplikasi. Ada banyak keuntungan dan kerugian dari perbedaan-perbedaan ini. Maka dari itu, sangat sulit memperdebatkan mana yang lebih bagus karena dari cara kerjanya saja sudah sangat-sangat berbeda. Pada awalnya iOS punya nama yang berbeda, yaitu iPhone OS. Versi pertamanya diumumkan bersama dengan iPhone orisinil pada 9 Januari 2007. Almarhum Steve Jobs pada saat itu menjelaskan bahwa iPhone OS mengambil OS X milik perangkat Mac sebagai dasarnya. Versi perdana iPhone OS ini tidak dilengkapi App Store.
The VIC-20 (known as the VC-20 in Germany and the VIC-1001 in Japan) is an 8-bit home computer that was sold by Commodore Business Machines. Commodore's first personal computer, the PET. The VIC-20 was the first computer of any description to sell one million units. The VIC-20 was called VC-20 in Germany because the pronunciation of VIC with a German accent sounds like the German expletives "fick" or "wichsen". The term VC was marketed as though it were an abbreviation of VolksComputer ("people's computer," similar to Volkswagen and Volksempfänger). The VIC-20 was intended to be more economical than the PET computer. It was equipped with 5 KB of static RAM and used the same MOS 6502 CPU as the PET. The VIC-20's video chip, the MOS Technology VIC, was a general-purpose color video chip designed by Al Charpentier in 1977 and intended for use in inexpensive display terminals and game consoles, but Commodore could not find a market for the chip.
The sales force should sell the Intellec system based on its merits and that no one should make derogatory comments about valued customers like MITS. The letter was reprinted in the August 1975 issue of MITS Computer Notes. For a decade, colleges had required science and engineering majors to take a course in computer programming, typically using the FORTRAN or BASIC languages. This meant there was a sizable customer base who knew about computers. In 1970, electronic calculators were not seen outside of a laboratory, but by 1974 they were a common household item. Calculators and video games like Pong introduced computer power to the general public. Electronics hobbyists were moving on to digital projects such as digital voltmeters and frequency counters. The Altair had enough power to be actually useful, and was designed as an expandable system that opened it up to all sorts of applications. Ed Roberts optimistically told his banker that he could sell 800 computers, while in reality they needed to sell 200 over the next year just to break even.
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