Computer Space's release marked the ending of the early history of video games and the start of the commercial video game industry. At the beginning of the 1970s, video games existed almost entirely as novelties passed around by programmers and technicians with access to computers, primarily at research institutions and large companies. One of these games was Spacewar! 1962 for the Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) PDP-1 by Steve Russell and others in the programming community at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. This two-player game has the players engage in a dogfight between two spaceships while maneuvering on a two-dimensional plane in the gravity well of a star, set against the backdrop of a starfield. The game was copied to several of the early computer installations in American academic institutions after its initial release, making it probably the first video game to be available outside a single research institute. Spacewar! was extremely popular in the small programming community in the 1960s and was widely recreated on other minicomputer and mainframe computers of the time, later migrating to early microcomputer systems.
Smith, Alexander (May 12, 2021). "Worldly Wednesdays: A Timeline of Computer Space". Pitts, Bill (October 29, 1997). "The Galaxy Game". Cash Box. Vol. 33, no. 19. October 30, 1971. p. Martin, Bob (February 1983). "Space Age Games". Starlog. No. 67. p. Carr, David; Comtois, David (directors) (2004). Video Game Invasion: The History of a Global Obsession. Cash Box. Vol. 35, no. 3. July 7, 1973. p. DeMaria, Rusel; Wilson, Johnny L. (December 2003). High Score!: The Illustrated History of Electronic Games (2nd ed.). Donovan, Tristan (April 20, 2010). Replay: The History of Video Games. Goldberg, Marty; Vendel, Curt (November 25, 2012). Atari Inc.: Business Is Fun. Kent, Steven L. (September 6, 2001). The Ultimate History of Video Games. Rutter, Jason; Bryce, Jo (May 9, 2006). Understanding Digital Games. Smith, Alexander (November 27, 2019). They Create Worlds: The Story of the People and Companies That Shaped the Video Game Industry. Vol. 1: 1971 - 1982. CRC Press. Swalwell, Melanie; Wilson, Jason (May 12, 2015). The Pleasures of Computer Gaming: Essays on Cultural History, Theory and Aesthetics. Wilson, Jason (May 12, 2015). Swalwell, Melanie; Wilson, Jason (eds.). The Pleasures of Computer Gaming: Essays on Cultural History, Theory and Aesthetics. Wolf, Mark J. P. (August 16, 2012). Encyclopedia of Video Games. Vol. 1: A-L. Greenwood Press.
A computer programmer, sometimes referred to as a software developer, a software engineer, or a programmer, is a person who creates computer programs- often for larger computer software. A programmer is someone who writes/creates computer software or applications by providing a specific programming language to the computer. JavaScript, Lisp, Python, Java, etc.) may be prefixed to the aforementioned terms. Some who work with web programming languages may also prefix their titles with web. There is no industry-wide standard terminology, so "programmer" and "software engineer" might refer to the same role at different companies. Most typically, someone with a job title of "programmer" or "software developer" might focus on implementing a detailed specification into computer code, fixing bugs, and performing code reviews. They might have a degree in computer science, an associate degree, or might be self-taught or attended a programming boot camp. Someone with a job title of "software engineer" is expected to understand software engineering principles, more advanced mathematics, and the scientific method, and may be required to have a degree in software engineering, computer engineering, or computer science.
Who are the most well-known computer scientists? Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. What is computer science? Computer science is the study of computers and computing as well as their theoretical and practical applications. Computer science applies the principles of mathematics, engineering, and logic to a plethora of functions, including algorithm formulation, software and hardware development, and artificial intelligence. Who are the most well-known computer scientists? The most influential computer scientists include Alan Turing, the World War II code breaker commonly regarded as the “father of modern computing”; Tim Berners-Lee, inventor of the World Wide Web; John McCarthy, inventor of the programming language LISP and artificial intelligence pioneer; and Grace Hopper, U.S. Navy officer and a key figure in the development of early computers such as the UNIVAC I as well as the development of the computer language compiler. Th is con te nt was writt en by GSA C on te nt G enerator Dem oversion!
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