During a concentration, majors take specialized classes that strengthen industry-specific skills. By adding an internship within the concentration, students can gain valuable hands-on experience. See below for some common computer science concentrations. Keep in mind that options vary by program. Learners should check with their prospective schools for available tracks. The cutting-edge field of artificial intelligence (AI) requires specialized training. In an AI concentration, learners explore human-computer interactions, natural language processing, and machine learning. They also learn about AI principles and how to program AI software. The concentration prepares enrollees for jobs in software development, software engineering, and AI engineering. With a master's degree, AI specialists may work as computer scientists. These professionals earn a median $126,830 annually, according to the BLS. A game design concentration focuses on video game development and planning. Students take classes in game programming, graphics theory, and game design. They also learn how to manage the game development process and work closely with a team of game designers.
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In 2020, Walmart had announced a deal with Gateway in partnership with THX to revive the Gateway brand launching various devices from tablets, convertibles and budget laptops. Sioux City, Iowa, by Ted Waitt, Norm Waitt (Ted's brother), and Mike Hammond. Gateway 2000 was also an innovator in low-end computers with the first sub-$1,000 name-brand PC, the all-in-one Astro. Gateway built brand recognition in part by shipping computers in spotted boxes patterned after Holstein cow markings. In 1989, Gateway moved its corporate offices and production facilities to North Sioux City, South Dakota. In 1997, Gateway acquired Advanced Logic Research, a maker of high-end personal computers and servers. Gateway dropped the "2000" from its name on October 31, 1998, recognizing that the year 2000 would soon cease to be futuristic. In line with the Holstein cow mascot, Gateway opened a chain of "farm-styled" retail stores called Gateway Country Stores, mostly in suburban and rural areas across the United States. The first of these stores opened in 1996. At the chain's peak in 2001, there were over 300 locations across the country, and the stores are said to have inspired the launch of the Apple Store that same year.
A thermal adhesive may be used. More commonly for a personal computer CPU, a clamp holds the heatsink directly over the chip, with a thermal grease or thermal pad spread between. This block has fins and ridges to increase its surface area. The heat conductivity of metal is much better than that of air, and it radiates heat better than the component that it is protecting (usually an integrated circuit or CPU). Fan-cooled aluminium heatsinks were originally the norm for desktop computers, but nowadays many heatsinks feature copper base-plates or are entirely made of copper. Dust buildup between the metal fins of a heatsink gradually reduces efficiency, but can be countered with a gas duster by blowing away the dust along with any other unwanted excess material. Passive heatsinks are commonly found on older CPUs, parts that do not get very hot (such as the chipset), and low-power computers. Usually a heatsink is attached to the integrated heat spreader (IHS), essentially a large, flat plate attached to the CPU, with conduction paste layered between.
The ability to boot a write-locked SD card with a USB adapter is particularly advantageous for maintaining the integrity and non-corruptible, pristine state of the booting medium. Though most personal computers since early 2005 can boot from USB mass storage devices, USB is not intended as a primary bus for a computer's internal storage. However, USB has the advantage of allowing hot-swapping, making it useful for mobile peripherals, including drives of various kinds. Several manufacturers offer external portable USB hard disk drives, or empty enclosures for disk drives. These offer performance comparable to internal drives, limited by the number and types of attached USB devices, and by the upper limit of the USB interface. Other competing standards for external drive connectivity include eSATA, ExpressCard, FireWire (IEEE 1394), and most recently Thunderbolt. Another use for USB mass storage devices is the portable execution of software applications (such as web browsers and VoIP clients) with no need to install them on the host computer.
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